The application of laser technology in the manufacturing industry is currently a research focus in various countries. With the demand for efficiency, environmental protection, and automation in industrial development, the application of laser technology has rapidly popularized in many fields of the manufacturing industry. On this basis, laser welding technology will become one of the important aspects of laser applications.

Laser welding is an important aspect of the application of laser processing technology, and it is also the most eye-catching and promising welding technology in the 21st century. As early as the end of the last century, various countries in Europe and America had fully applied laser welding to industrial production. While accelerating research and development of laser welding technology, China gradually established a development system that combines production, learning, and research, and made significant breakthroughs in certain fields.

With the development of industrial manufacturing, efficient, agile, and environmentally friendly processing technologies will be highly favored. Laser welding, with its high-energy beam focusing method, can achieve forms of deep penetration welding, rapid welding, and other welding processes that are difficult to achieve during the welding process. Especially, laser welding equipment is flexibly matched, and real-time online detection technology is mature, enabling it to achieve high automation in mass production. Currently, a large number of laser welding production lines have been put into industrial production.

Practice has proven that laser welding has a wide range of applications in the processing industry. Basically, laser welding can be used in fields where traditional welding techniques can be used, and the welding quality is higher and the processing efficiency is faster

01 Welding process using laser technology

Laser welding is a process that utilizes the radiation energy of laser to achieve effective welding. Its working principle is to excite the laser active medium in a specific way, causing it to oscillate back and forth in the resonant cavity, forming a stimulated radiation beam. When the beam comes into contact with the workpiece, its energy is absorbed by the workpiece, and welding can be carried out when the temperature reaches the material melting point.

02 Laser welding mode

Laser welding can be divided into heat conduction welding and deep penetration welding. The former diffusion of heat to the interior of the workpiece through heat transfer, and only produces melting phenomenon on the surface of the weld seam. The interior of the workpiece is not fully penetrated, and there is basically no vaporization phenomenon. It is mainly used for welding low-speed thin-walled materials; The latter not only completely penetrates the material, but also vaporizes the material, forming a large amount of plasma. Due to the high heat, keyholes will appear at the front of the molten pool. Deep penetration welding can completely weld the workpiece, with high input energy and fast welding speed, making it the most widely used laser welding mode at present.

03 Advantages of Laser Welding

The reason why laser welding has received such high attention is due to its unique advantages:

① Laser welding can achieve high-quality joint strength and a large aspect ratio, and the welding speed is relatively fast.

② Due to the fact that laser welding does not require a vacuum environment, remote control and automated production can be achieved through lenses and optical fibers.

③ Laser has a high power density, which has a good welding effect on difficult to weld materials and can weld materials with different performance.